🔄 Graph with Loops - Multi-Agent Feedback Cycles

This example demonstrates how to create multi-agent graphs with feedback loops using the Strands Agents SDK. It showcases a write-review-improve cycle where content iterates through multiple agents until quality standards are met.

Overview

Feature	Description
Framework	Multi-Agent Graph with Loops
Complexity	Advanced
Agent Types	Multiple Agents + Custom Node
Interaction	Interactive Command Line
Key Focus	Feedback Loops & Conditional Execution

Usage Examples

Basic usage:

python graph_loops_example.py

Import in your code:

from examples.python.graph_loops_example import create_content_loop

# Create and run a content improvement loop
graph = create_content_loop()
result = graph("Write a haiku about programming")
print(result)

Graph Structure

The example creates a feedback loop:

graph TD
    A[Writer] --> B[Quality Checker]
    B --> C{Quality Check}
    C -->|Needs Revision| A
    C -->|Approved| D[Finalizer]

The checker requires multiple iterations before approving content, demonstrating how conditional loops work in practice.

Core Components

1. Writer Agent - Content Creation

Creates or improves content based on the task and any feedback from previous iterations.

2. Quality Checker - Custom Deterministic Node

A custom node that evaluates content quality without using LLMs. Demonstrates how to create deterministic business logic nodes.

3. Finalizer Agent - Content Polish

Takes approved content and adds final polish in a professional format.

Loop Implementation

Conditional Logic

The graph uses conditional functions to control the feedback loop:

def needs_revision(state):
    # Check if content needs more work
    checker_result = state.results.get("checker")
    # Navigate nested results to get approval state
    return not approved_status

def is_approved(state):
    # Check if content is ready for finalization
    return approved_status

Safety Mechanisms

builder.set_max_node_executions(10)  # Prevent infinite loops
builder.set_execution_timeout(60)    # Maximum execution time
builder.reset_on_revisit(True)       # Reset state on loop back

Custom Node

The QualityChecker shows how to create deterministic nodes:

class QualityChecker(MultiAgentBase):
    async def invoke_async(self, task, invocation_state, **kwargs):
        self.iteration += 1
        approved = self.iteration >= self.approval_after

        # Return result with state for conditions
        return MultiAgentResult(...)

Sample Execution

Task: “Write a haiku about programming loops”

Execution Flow:

writer -> checker -> writer -> checker -> finalizer

Loop Statistics:

• writer node executed 2 times (looped 1 time)
• checker node executed 2 times (looped 1 time)

Final Output:

# Programming Loops: A Haiku

Code circles around,
While conditions guide the path—
Logic finds its way.

Interactive Usage

The example provides an interactive command-line interface:

🔄 Graph with Loops Example

Options:
  'demo' - Run demo with haiku task
  'exit' - Exit the program

Or enter any content creation task:
  'Write a short story about AI'
  'Create a product description for a smart watch'

> demo
Running demo task: Write a haiku about programming loops

Execution path: writer -> checker -> writer -> checker -> finalizer
Loops detected: writer (2x), checker (2x)

✨ Final Result:
# Programming Loops: A Haiku

Code circles around,
While conditions guide the path—
Logic finds its way.

Real-World Applications

This feedback loop pattern is useful for:

1. Content Workflows: Draft → Review → Revise → Approve
2. Code Review: Code → Test → Fix → Merge
3. Quality Control: Produce → Inspect → Fix → Re-inspect
4. Iterative Optimization: Measure → Analyze → Optimize → Validate

Extending the Example

Ways to enhance this example:

1. Multi-Criteria Checking: Add multiple quality dimensions (grammar, style, accuracy)
2. Parallel Paths: Create concurrent review processes for different aspects
3. Human-in-the-Loop: Integrate manual approval steps
4. Dynamic Thresholds: Adjust quality standards based on context
5. Performance Metrics: Add detailed timing and quality tracking
6. Visual Monitoring: Create real-time loop execution visualization

This example demonstrates how to build sophisticated multi-agent workflows with feedback loops, combining AI agents with deterministic business logic for robust, iterative processes.